OAN (Optical Fiber Access Network) composed of OLT, ODN and industrial ONU of optical network

OLT:optical line terminal

Optical line terminal, which manages multiple terminal equipment (industrial ONU). It is a device at the entrance of the external network and the entrance of the internal network.

Function: Provide a network-side interface for the optical access network and communicate with the ONU on the user side via one or more ODNs. The relationship between the OLT and the industrial-grade ONU is the master-slave communication relationship.

ODN: optical distribution network

Optical distribution network, commonly known as optical splitter. The optical signal of a trunk is distributed to multiple terminals (ONUs).

Function: Provide optical transmission means between OLT and industrial-grade ONU. The main function is to complete the assignment of optical signal power. ODN is a purely passive optical distribution network composed of passive optical components (such as fiber optic cables, optical connectors and optical splitters, etc.).

Industrial ONU: optical network unit

The optical network unit is the terminal device mentioned above; generally it can be understood as a home router or switch. The main difference from the equipment used in the ordinary twisted pair network is the addition of an optical network port.

Function: Provide a remote user side interface for the optical access network, which is on the user side of the ODN.

OAN is an access network that uses optical fiber transmission technology, that is, a communication system that uses optical fiber transmission in whole or in part between the local exchange and users. Optical fiber access network can be divided into passive optical network (PON) and active optical network (AON). Compared with these two optical networks, the development of passive optical network will be faster in terms of cost. According to the specific position of ONU in the optical access network, OAN can be divided into several basically different application types:

1) Fiber to the transfer box (FTTCab)

2) Fiber to the curb (FTTCub)

3) Fiber to the building (FTTB)

4) Fiber to the home (FTTH) and fiber to the office (FTTO)

PON technology:

PON is a single-fiber bidirectional optical access network with a point-to-multipoint (P2MP) structure, and its typical topology is tree-type